Weather covering for building structures



t J. ONEIL. WEATHER COVERING FOR BUILDING STRUCTURES. APPLICATION FILED IAN. 20, 1922.

jlApBU, I Patented Dec. 12,1922.

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JOSEPH ONEIL, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI. l

WEATHER COVERING FOR BUILDING STRUCTURES.

Application led January 20, 1922. Serial 110.530,646.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOSEPH ONEIL, a citizen of the United States, and residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have -inventedthe new and useful Improvement in Weather Coverings for Building Structures, of which thev following is a specification.

This invention relates to building construction and more particularly to the wall construction of so-called frame buildings and vthe like. j

In the construction 'of the exterior walls of frame buildings, one of three methods is usually employed.

transversely or diagonally'against the studding. Building paper is then tacked over the sheathing for insulation and so-called bevel siding or weather boarding is nailed over the building paper to the sheathing in j such a manner that each piece partly overlaps the adjoining piece.' It is, of course, necessary in order that the Wall may withstand the act-ion of the elements that the best quality of rot-resisting wood, such as white pine, cypress, redwood or cedar be used` and this consequently makes this method of construction a costly one.

In the second method, usually employed on cheaper buildings, tongued and grooved drop siding is nailed directly against the. studding without the use of sheathing. lhis method requires only one operation but af fords less protection against the weather. Building paper cannot be used efectively ywith this method as it would have to be nailed directly to the studding without any backing and the pressure of the wind through the joints in the drop siding would soon tear the paper. In both of the above methods, the nails holding the siding to the tion. In the use of this method of construc- `tion, it is impossible to apply composition In theirst of these, common boards called sheathing are nailedk strips in long lengths on account of the tendency of such a long strip to sag and tear loose from its fastenings `unless supported throughout its entire length.V` For this reason, the composition strips are usually applied in short lengths of about 32 inches. When laid in such lengths, the joints must necessarily show on the exterior surface of the wall and as this presents an unsightly appearance, the scheme of notching the strip at intervals so as to present an appearance in imitation of shingles is usually resorted to. In this method the joints between strips may be uniformly spaced with the notches so that their presence is not evident. In this construction, the nails holding each strip may be covered by the next strip applied. This method provides a durable construction somewhat less in cost than bevel siding, but is open to the objection that the necessity for providing notches not only increases the cost, but greatly impairs the Weather resisting and insulating properties of the wall.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a method of construction which will overcome most of the difficulties mentioned above and which will combine the advanf i tngeous features of the best of the above methods. v

Another object of this invention is to provide a method of construction'in which a siding may be applied in long lengths by one man, thereby reducing the cost not only of the material but also of the erection.

Another object of this invention is to pro vide such a method of construction which Figure 4 is a sectlonal view of one of the i assembly units' of Figure 3.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, l designatesthe foundation, upon which the lof - asshown at 5. rThis receding portion may be rounded or beveled and may cover any desired extent of thev surface of the board 3. An outside facing strip 6 is -attached to the board 3 by means of nails or other suitable fasteners 7. o The strip 6 may be of any suitable variety of so-called composition siding or roofing material. This is usually a plastic baseof rags and a suitable compound such as asphalt to render it weather-proof and flexible, and the outside surface is usually'covered with a Wearing surface of finely broken slate or similar material rolled or pressed into the base. This material is very durable and provides good weather-proofing and insulating qualities.

The strip 6 is attached to the board 3 near the lower edge of said board by.l a line of closely spaced, large headed fasteners 7 running lengthwise thereof. The strip may be positioned so that an edge 8 will extend beyond the upper edge of the board 3 and a wider edge 9 will extend below the lower edge thereof. These edges provide overlaps for the adjoining units as will be described later.v The'recess 4 provides a notch or groove between the lower edge of the board 3 and the strip 6 for a purpose which will be presently described.

In assembling these units in the wall structure, the first or lowermost one may be placed on the foundation so that the lower overlap or apron 9 thereof will overhang the foundation as illustrated in Figure l. The unit is then attached to the frame 2 by means of fasteners such as nails 10 spaced 'along' the upper edge of the board 3. A second unit is then placed in the wall above the first and in such a way that the edge 8 of theu lower unit will engage the notch 4 of the `upper unit and the apron portion 9 of the Vupper unit will overlap the lower unit as'illustrated in Figure l. The second unit y is then fastened to the frame 2 in a manner ysimilar to that -described for the irstunit.

lt will be notedthat a unit may be readily slipped into place, since the tapered notch, which forms with the facing on the board,

l a tapering recess, can be slipped over the nso edge or lip 8,' so that the latter will wedge vinto' the recess and form a tight seal. vAcycordingly the units can be applied by one man. Subsequent units are assembled in a simllar manner.

llnthis construction the receding edge 5 described. In this case,

permits the edge 8 to be bent backward sol that it will easily enter the notch 4 'of the.` adjoining unit. The apron portion 9 of each f unit will overlap a considerable extent ofv the next preceding unit so that at all partso of the wall at least two thicknesses of the.. strip 6 are provided. The insertion of the' edge 8 into the notch 4 provides/a very effective seal between adjacent units soas to prevent leakage of the air throiigh the joint.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 which represents a cheaper grade of construction than that described above, the body board 3 is shaped similarly to that already however, the strip ll of composition material is narrower and has its upper edgeinserted in the notch 4 and the fasteners 7 are applied at that edge, as illustrated in Figure 4. In the assembling of these units, they are assembled in a manner similar to that described for the embodiment of Figure 1. In this case, however, the apron portion of each strip 1l overlaps only the body board 3 and that portion of the strip l1 at plied.

It will be evident that this invention accomplishes its objects. A method of construction is provided in which the materials may be made up into assembly units at the factory and delivered in any desired lengths atthe place of construction. These units may be handled in any lengths by a single operator without danger of tearing or other inconvenience. ln lframing around door and window openings,only one cutting of the material is required instead of two as is the case when sheathing and bevel siding are used.

It will be noted that by making up these assembly units'in lengths corresponding to 105 the usual siding, the units can be handled and vplaced in the wall in the same manner as ordinarysiding and with equal facility. By this method, therefore, rapid progress is made )in covering the wall or roof, since a large unit of covering material is applied at one time. The application is simple and convenient since the'long boards are rigid and can be handled without buckling or sag-v ging, and they support thecomposition material-rigidly both during application and after being placed in the wall, so that a thoroughly weather-proof and permanent wall is provided. f

lt is obvious that various changes may be made in details of construction without departing from the spirit of this invention; it is, therefore, to be understood that this invention is'not to be limited to the specific details shown and described. Having thus described the invention. what is claimed is: v

l. In a weather covering structures, body board for banding a comfpos1te unit, comprising, a of a length corresponding to the which the fasteners 7K are ap- 90 avoidcsagging vvlien attached to the studdings. and an outside facing of composition attached to said body boaid. whereby said facing vmaterial is prevented from sagging.

said facing extending beyond said body board to provide for an overlap.

In a Weather covering for building structures. a composite assembly unit. coinprising. a -body board and an outside facing attached thereto and vextending therebyond in order to provide for overlaps at both edges of the board.

l. In a yveather covering for building structures. a composite assembly unit. coniprising. a body board and an outside composition facing attached thereto. constructed and arranged to lmalte an interlocking sealing joint yvith an adjacent similar unit.

5. In a iveather covering for building structures. a composite asmbly unit. coinprising. a body board and an outside facing attached thereto. the upper edge of said board receding. substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a Weather covering for building structures. a composite assembly unit. comprising. a body board and an outside facing attached thereto. the loyver edge of said board being recessed. substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

weather covering for building structures. comprising. a series of body boards of lengths corresponding to the usual siding. and a series of corresponding composition facing strips arranged horizontallv in overlapping relation on and attached to saidboards. the fasteners securing said strips being spaced at frequent intervals and the fasteners securing one strip being covered by the adjoining strip.

S. Weather covering for building structures, comprising. a series of long body boards. and a seriesof long composition facing strips arranged horizontally 1n overlapping relation on said boards. a strip being attached to one board and overlapping the board therebeloxv.

9. A vveather covering for building structures'. comprising. a series of long body boards. and a @ries of long composition facing strips arranged lioiizontally in overlapping relation on said boards. a strip being attached to one board and overlapping the board therebeloiv and its attached s ip.

l0. A vveather covering for building structures. comprising. a series ofv body boards.

and a series of long composition facing strips arranged horizontally in overlapping relation on said boards. a strip being attached to one board and overlapping the boards thereabove and therebelovv.

1l. A weather covering for building structures. comprising. a series of body boards. and a vseries of long composition facing strips arranged horizontally in overlapping relation on said boards. a strip being attached to one board and overlapping the board thereabove and the strip tlierebeloiv.

1:2. A ivezither covering for building struc- I tures. comprising. a series of body boards. the upper edges of said boards receding. and a series of outside facing strips. each 'lying along a board and arranged to overlap the board therebelow.

13. weather covering for building structures. comprising. a series of body boards. the loiver edges of said boards being receed. and a series of outside facing strips. each lying along a board and arranged to lie in the recess of the board thereabove.

ll. A Weather covering for building s uctures. comprising. a series of body boards. the upper edges of said boards receding and the lovver edges thereof being recessed. and a series of outside facing strips. each lying along a board. arranged to overlap the board therebeloyv and lie in the recess of the board thereabove.

In testimony vvhereofI affix my signature this 13th day of January. 1929.

JOSEPH OEIL. 

